|
Jefferson City is the capital of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, its population was 43,079, making it the 15th largest city in the state.〔http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2011/tables/SUB-EST2011-03-29.csv〕 It is also the county seat of Cole County, although a small portion of the city extends into Callaway County. It is the principal city of the Jefferson City metropolitan area, which has a population of 149,807 and encompasses both counties. Jefferson City is named for Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States. Jefferson City is on the northern edge of the Ozark Plateau on the southern side of the Missouri River near known as Mid-Missouri. It is also at the western edge of one of the major wine-producing regions of the Midwest, the Missouri Rhineland. The city is dominated by the domed Capitol, which rises from a bluff overlooking the Missouri River to the north; Lewis and Clark passed the bluff on their historic expedition upriver before Europeans established any settlement there. Jefferson City is home to Lincoln University, a historically black college founded in 1866 and later designated as a land-grant university. In 2013, Jefferson City was named America's "Most Beautiful Small Town" by Rand McNally.〔http://www.bestoftheroad.com/〕 Jefferson City is commonly referred to as "Jeff City" or "Jeff" and abbreviated as "JC or "JCMO". ==History== In pre-Columbian times, this region was home of an ancient people known only as the Mound Builders. By the time European settlers began arriving, the Mound Builders vanished. The contemporary indigenous peoples were called the Osage Indians. When the Missouri Territory was organized in 1812, St. Louis was Missouri's seat of government. St. Charles would serve as the next capital. In the middle of the state, Jefferson City was chosen as the new capital in 1821 when Thomas Jefferson was still living. The village first was called Lohman's Landing and when the legislature decided to relocate there, they proposed the name "Missouriopolis" but they later settled on present-day Jefferson City.〔McMillen, Margot Ford & Murphy, Dennis. ''A to Z: The Dictionary of Missouri Place Names''. Columbia, MO. Pebble Publishing, 1996. ISBN 0-9646625-4-X.〕 For years, this village was little more than a trading post located in the wilderness about midway between St. Louis and Kansas City. In 1825, the settlement was incorporated as a city and a year later, the Missouri legislature first met in Jefferson City. Jefferson City was chosen as the site of a state prison. This prison, named the Missouri State Penitentiary, opened in 1836. This prison was home to a multiple infamous Americans, including former heavyweight champion Sonny Liston, assassin James Earl Ray, and bank robber Charles "Pretty Boy" Floyd. During the Civil War, Jefferson City was occupied by Union troops and the elected state legislature was driven from Jefferson City by Union General Nathaniel Lyon. Some of the legislators later reconvened in Neosho, Missouri and passed an ordinance of secession. Missouri was claimed by both the Confederacy and the Union, just like the neighboring state Kentucky. Missourians were strongly divided and many people in the state—especially in St. Louis—supported the Union, while other areas (such as Missouri's Little Dixie) were strongly pro-Confederate along the Missouri river between Jefferson City and Kansas City. German immigrants created vineyards in small towns on either side of the Missouri River, especially on the north from the city east to Marthasville, located outside of St. Louis. Known as the Missouri Rhineland for its vineyards and first established by German immigrants in the mid-1800s, this region has become part of the agricultural and tourist economy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jefferson City, Missouri」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|